The "Kramer" Shear Cell has, for almost 6 decades, become accepted as the universal standard for making objective measurements of the relative tenderness, softness and similar mouth-feel properties of most food products. The objective measurements made are very closely related to the human experience of chewing foods. This cell is used throughout the world, grading the textural properties of food products ranging from apples to zucchini. The CS-1 test cell consists of a sample holder, slotted lid, and movable blades assembly. The inside of the sample holder measures 2.6 inches (66 mm) wide by 2.6 inches (66 mm) long by 2.5 inches (64 mm) deep, and holds a volume of 16.9 cubic inches (277 ml) . The cell lid has 10 slots, which accommodate the 10 parallel, 1/8 inch thick (3.2 mm) blades. The movable blades are attached to the load cell and are forced through the test sample producing a force proportional to the sum of both the shear and compression failure point of the test sample. The standard design is made from high grade aluminum, but an alternate version made from stainless steel and Delrin plastic, the CS-1A is available for high acid food applications